Read them Carefully-
a) Jayant a is boy good
b) Robert is Playing Games
c) Kasim do not like Apples.
What do you observe? What is common in these? Actually , If you look them Carefully, you will find that they are group of words. So, we can say that-
i) It is a group of words (like: Ram, a, is, good,boy).
ii) Complete sense ( Robert , is , playing , games).
iii) Meaningful ( Kasim do not like Apples means Kasim hate Apples).
So if the group of words are in correct sense plus they are meaningful , it is said to be a correct Sentence.
So , the actual definition of a Sentence is
A Group of words that makes a complete sense is called a Sentence.
Now, if you look at the first sentence, you'll observe that the first sentence is not a sentence because it is a group of words but not a meaningful and also it's words are not arranged in correct Order.
The second Sentence is fully meaningful so it is said to be a correct Sentence.
Now, find out about the third one. Is it a Sentence?
Now lets us take the second Sentence.
" Robert is playing games" , Here Robert is a name , so if there is any name or something in the place any name , at the starting of the sentence, it is said to be the 'Subject' of any sentence. The rest of the sentence is said to the predicate . For example "Robert is playing games" So here the subject is Robert and 'is playing games " is Predicate.
So from the above sentence, we conclude that 'Robert' is a name
So, from the above sentence we conclude that 'Robert' is a name. So it is subject and the rest of the sentence is predicate. From the above example we conclude that a subject is a name or the words that is used in place of any name that either does the work or about whom/which something stated and which receives the effect of action Done by the subject is called Predicate. So, the above result states that
Sentence= Subject + Predicate.
COMPLEMENT
The rest of the sentence in Predicate which defines some additional meanings after action words are termed as Complement of English Grammar.
ROLE OF VERBS
Verbs play an important role in the sentence formation. You can say that it is the soul of any Sentence. It is difficult to write any Sentence with using Verbs. They are actually action Words or state of being. It defines the action of any noun and how he is so doing any work in his/her/its life.
According to the means of any Sentence, verbs are basically categorised as Helping Verbs, Main Verbs and Modal Verbs.
HELPING AND MAIN VERBS
They are the state of beings( Helping Verbs).
The state of being refers that how action is done. For Example is,am,are, has , have...etc.
are helping verbs. They are also verbs but they are not useful in real-life. For Example-
Is 'is' a work of real life? Is 'was' a work of real life?
The real life works are writing ,bathing , eating , sleep, cook etc. These are termed as real life works and these real life works are refered as Main Verbs.
We shall discuss about Modal Verbs in our upcoming chapters according to their needs.
In this chapter , we have completed and understood the meaning of the term "Sentences".
Now again ,
Sentence = Sb + Predicate
Sb= Noun or Pronoun.
Pred.= Rest of the Sentence.
So, Sentence = Sbj+Obj+Mv.+Hv.
(~ rest of the sentence Obj+hv.+Mv. as we discussed earlier)
Now , from our earlier example,
"Robert is playing games"
Robert= Subject --------(1)
Is = Helping Verb--------(2)
Playing= Main verb------(3)
Games= Object.-----------(4)
So , from (1),(2),(3) and (4) , we get the correct sequence of the sentence as
[Subject+ Helping Verb+ Main Verb + Object.]
But , there is also a rule , which tells to use some marks and signs at the end of any Sentence. [Like (.?!:) ]
We will discuss about signs in our next Chapter.
MORE ABOUT SUBJECTS
The sentence like come here, go, stand up etc. also have Subjects? But where? Here are capable
EXERCISE A
Q 1. Write down 10 group of words with complete sense.
Q 2. Is it compulsory that a sentence is meaningful ? Explain in your own words.
Q 3.What do you understand by the term Subject?
Q 4. Define - Predicate with suitable Example.
EXERCISE B
Q 1. Prove the correct order of sentence in your words.
Q 2. Define - the term Sentence with explanation.
Q 3. Identify Subject and Predicate
a) Juliet is a great Singer.
b) Ours is a big family.
c) My father works in an office.
d) Somani Works in Agra.
e) Rahman is dancing in hotel.
f) Soma is singing a Song.
g) The cows eat grass.
h) Pinky likes Story books.
I) The glass is made of steel.
j) The tall boy is jumping on the road.
k)The poor boy lost his book.
l) The Machine is working very slow.
m) The train arrived late.
n) The postman brings letter to us.
o) France is a beautiful Country.
p) The Girl you saw there is my sister.
q) The Tree has lost its leaves.
r) We cannot live without Air and Water.
s) I don't depend on anyone.
t) The Ripe Mango fell down on the Earth.
u) There was a book on the Table.
v) Ramu the farmer was tried to work.
w) The large crowd gathered near the temple.
x) Sohan, Mohan and Seeta were playing ludo.
y) A Poor Man was asking for a piece of cloth.
Q 4. Fill predicate in the following:
1) We ___________________________________.
2) Some Boys ___________________________.
3) The Teacher __________________________.
4) The Sharp Knife ______________________.
Q 5. Identify - Subject, helping Verb , Principal Verb and Object in the given Sentence.
[He is kissing his Sister ]
Q 6. What Sentence you obtain in Q5. Write that Sentence in the sequence that was given to you in this Chapter.
Q 7. Frame 20-30 sentences according to the law of sequence.
Q 8. " Suzain works in an office in Agra" Prove this statement as a correct Sentence by giving reasons in Paragraph.
Q9. Identify the type of sentence.
There are 5 types of sentences in English.
Declarative
Imperative
Interrogative
Exclamatory
Optative
1. How well she sings!
2. What is your name?
3. Did I say anything to make you angry?
4. What is your name?
5. Who told you this?
6. She is a successful writer.
7. It is raining cats and dogs.
8. I want to become a writer.
9. She does not eat meat or fish.
10. Go at once.
11. Bring me that file.
12. My mother makes delicious cookies.
13. Get lost.
14. Fetch me a glass of water.
15. Please be seated.
16. Sit down.
17. She writes with her left hand.
18. What a tragedy!
19. How beautiful she is!
20. I have two sisters.
21. How ridiculous this is!
22. I have lost my way.
23. What a terrible crash it was!
24. Get this book from the stationery shop.
25. How beautiful your rose garden is!
26. Ravi is the best dancer in our class.
27. Please stop drawing faces on my new book.
28. When does school re-open after the summer break?
29. Please turn down the volume of your music system.
30. Manu loves drawing pictures of all kinds of animals.
31. Is the cupboard where we keep the chalk and duster?
32. How many books did you take from the library this week?
33. Have you completed your homework?
34.Today is a bright day.
35. Is today a bright day?
36. Wear a sun – hat.
37. What a bright day it is!
38. Take out your books.
39. I’m not feeling well.
40. How old are you?
41. What a beautiful toy it is!
42. Nature is the best physician.
43. My mother is not well.
44. Shut the door carefully.
45. Learn this song by heart.
46.I shall not go out in the rain.
47.Draw a line to join these points.
48.May God bless you!
49.Do you take Exercise daily?
50.Your good wishes are always with me.
51.Please, give me two tickets for the show.
52.Did you celebrate your birthday this year?
53 How wonderful is the rain after the dust and heat!
54.You must not sleep till seven in the morning.
55.A helicopter cannot fly faster than an aero plane.
56.Always go out with an umbrella during the monsoons.
57.We will not buy such new things.
58.How badly was she injured!
59.I brush my teeth after every meal.
60.Don’t talk.
61.It’s so cold.
62.Stop talking.
63.Haste makes waste.
64.Who will bell the cat?
65.Do you know that lady?
66.Come here at once.
67.You’re driving too slow.
67.Ah! What a beautiful flower!
69.We should do worthwhile things.
70.I took some money out of the ATM.
71.Who can run faster than the wind?
72.It was a pretty gloomy night.
73.I wish I were the queen of Bhutan!
74.Please help me.
75.Get out.
76.Can I help you?
77.How scared you are!
78.O God, have mercy!
79.Turn to page thirty
80.Yes, I will do this work for you.
81.Could you switch on the lights?
82.Put the books on the table.
83.Where are your friends today?
84.I wish I were a bird.
85 Do cats have nine lives?
86.I will not go to Japan this year.
87. Hello, my name is Hanna.
88. Has he returned?
89. Hail the hunter.
90. Is that you at the door?
91. There is no smoke without fire.
92. Wasn’t that box very heavy?
93.May you prosper!
94.That is wonderful news.
95. I could carry those bags for you.
96. Good morning. Hope you are fine.
97. I think you should seek parental advice over this matter.
98. I’m sorry. I don’t think we can have a merger.
99. Would you allow my friends to stay over the night?
100. Please, can you call up my parents?
101. How are you?
102. Won’t you do this work?
103. Hi! What a surprise to see you here!
104. What a lovely watch you are wearing!
105. Don’t you think you should read this chapter again?
106. I wish you a happy anniversary!
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