My English Library

PARTS OF SPEECH  🔰🔰🔰🔰🔰🔰🔰🔰🔰 Words can be categorized depending upon their functions. In traditional grammar, words belonging to different categories were indicated by the term 'parts of speech'. The part of speech indicates how the word functions in meaning as well as grammatically within the sentence. In English, there are eight parts of speech - noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction and interjection. All the words we use in a sentence belong to any one of these categories. The term 'word class' is also used to indicate a similar notion. ➖➖➖➖ 🔴 NOUN     A noun is the name of a person, thing, place, idea and object. For example, Shailesh, Nisha, Himalaya, Narmada are proper nouns and always start with a capital letter; girl, man, dog, tree, etc. are common nouns; book, pen, banana,chair etc. are the examples of concrete noun; whereas love, patience, hatred, friendship, etc. are the examples of abstract noun. There are other types of n...

EXERCISE 1  Each sentence contains either an adjective clause of place or an adverb clause of place. Your task is to identify the type: Is the underlined clause an adverb clause or an adjective clause? 1) I go hiking where the forests are dense. 2) I visited the town where my aunt lives. 3) He walked where the path was muddy. 4) This is the school where I first learned English. 5) The cat sleeps where the sunlight falls. 6) We reached the place where they filmed the movie. 7) I go wherever I find peace. 8) She likes the cafe where they serve Italian coffee. 9) He stood where the view was perfect. 10) That’s the temple where Buddha meditated. 11) They live where the mountains meet the sky. 12) The garden where he grows roses is lovely. 13) He ran where the others were running. 14) We visited the palace where the queen once lived. 15) You may sit wherever you feel comfortable. 16) I remember the restaurant where we had our first date. 17) Let’s build the camp where the ground is flat...

Reports:  ➖➖➖➖ 1. Prepare a report on Annual Function held in your school last week. 2. Prepare a report on Blood Donation Camp held in your school last week. 3. Prepare a report on your visit to Old Age Home in your city.  4. Prepare a report on the road accident you witnessed. 5. Prepare a report on the farewell function for the students of standard 10 held in your school. 6. Prepare a report on the fire accident in one of your neighbouring houses caused by a fire cracker.  7. Prepare a report on your class visit to a bird sanctuary.  8. Prepare a report on science fair held in your school. 9. Prepare a report on the Sports Day celebration held in your school. 10. Prepare a report on the prize distribution ceremony held in your school. 11. Prepare a report on the quiz competition held in your school. 12. Prepare a report on the Independence Day celebrated in your school. 13. Prepare a report on the Republic Day celebrated in your school. 14. Prepare a report on Cle...

Identify Independent and Dependent Clauses 1. Soma smiled faintly as she read the letter that reminded her of a time long gone. 2. Although Swati was exhausted, she stayed up all night to finish her painting. 3. Shero, who had never missed a match, stayed home because of the sudden storm. 4. Whenever Rishu feels low, he plays the piano until his fingers tire. 5. Arham completed the project before the deadline because he knew his team depended on him. 6. While Priyanshu loves adventure, his twin brother prefers staying indoors. 7. Maaz didn’t attend the event as he had promised, which disappointed everyone. 8. Even though Soma was nervous, she delivered her speech with confidence. 9. Since Swati had prepared well, she answered all the questions with ease. 10. Rishu kept quiet, although he wanted to voice his opinion. 11. Although Soma was hesitant, Swati encouraged her to perform on stage. 12. Rishu couldn’t concentrate on the lecture because Maaz kept whispering jokes. 13. When Arham a...

Questions: "Think of it like a train with many cars. Each car is like a small wave, and together they form the train (which is the wave packet)." Can we say that this phenomenon is similar to the situation having group of fishes are projecting themselves as a big fish ????? Answer: Yes, that's actually a great comparison! 😊 You can definitely think of it like a group of fishes swimming together, forming a bigger fish. Here's how: Imagine a school of fish swimming in the same direction, close together. Each fish is like a small wave (just like the individual cars in a train). When you look at the group of fishes, you see a big fish-like shape that moves together. Even though each fish is small and separate, they move as one group, just like how the small waves come together to form the wave packet. So, in both cases: The individual fish (waves) are small. But the group of fishes (the wave packet) moves together as one, like a single unit. It’s a perfect analogy for ho...

1.1 Introduction to Language Science  Linguistics, often described as the scientific study of language, delves into the depths of one of humanity’s most fundamental and fascinating attributes: language. This introductory chapter explores the essence, scope, key concepts, and significance of linguistics, addressing the fundamental questions about the nature of language, its acquisition, and its role in society. 1.2 What is Linguistics?   Linguistics is not the study of a specific language, such as English, French, or German. Instead, it is a systematic exploration of language in general. As Victoria A. Fromkin aptly describes, “The scientific study of human language is called linguistics.” It examines the underlying principles that govern all human languages, seeking to understand language as a universal phenomenon. Linguistics observes language as a dynamic entity. Z. Duffy succinctly notes, “Linguistics observes language in action as a means for determining how language ...

SCENE 3: Venice, A Public Place  In this scene from The Merchant of Venice, Shylock, a Jewish moneylender, agrees to give Bassanio three thousand ducats (a type of money) for three months. Bassanio tells Shylock that Antonio will back him up if he can’t pay, but Shylock is worried because Antonio's money is tied up in business ventures that could fail. Even though he has doubts, Shylock finally accepts Antonio's guarantee and asks to meet him. When Antonio arrives, Shylock secretly admits that he hates Antonio. Shylock doesn't like Antonio because he is a Christian and doesn't charge interest when he lends money. This makes it harder for Shylock to do his job as a moneylender, since Shylock makes a profit by charging high interest. Shylock is also angry because Antonio has insulted him in public many times. Antonio tells Shylock that he usually doesn’t borrow or lend money but is making an exception to help his friend Bassanio. During their conversation, Ant...

SONNET 1  Symbolising a fair youth, a beautiful girl, the main theme of this sonnet is the preservation of beauty and legacy through procreation (act of doing sexual intercourse), warning against self-absorption and waste. This excerpt is from Shakespeare's Sonnet 1. Here is a line-by-line explanation: Line 1: "From fairest creatures we desire increase" - Shakespeare begins by stating that from the most beautiful creature (my girl) to whom we desire to reproduce. The word "increase" here refers to offspring, implying that the beauty should not fade but be passed on to the next generation. Line 2: "That thereby beauty’s rose might never die" - This line suggests that by having children, the beauty of this "fairest creatures" can be preserved. "Beauty’s rose" is a metaphor for their beauty, and reproduction, ensures it does not perish. Line 3: "But as the riper should by time decease" - Shakespeare acknowledges that with tim...

CHAPTER 1 1. A veritable bedlam of chirrupings – refers to the noise and confusion caused by the chirrupings of the sparrows   2. Absurd – Illogical   3. Accepted her seclusion with resignation – the grandmother accepted a lonely life as she accepted the separation from her grandson without objection   4. An expanse of pure white serenity – refers to the calm, relaxed and peaceful character of the author’s grandmother   5. Beads – a small piece of glass or stone threaded with others to make a rosary or necklace   6. Bedlam – confusion   7. Blaze – a very large burning fire   8. Bothered – to be concerned   9. Cherished – hold something dear   10. Chirrupings – the noise of a small bird   11. Clasped – hold tightly   12. Contentment – a state of happiness and satisfaction   13. Corpse – dead body   14. Courtyard – verandah   15. Cremated – dispose of...